This course discusses all types of water: freshwater from rivers, lakes, canals, and seawater, as well as groundwater from springs, ditches, drains, and brooks.
Most of the modules describe the physical, chemical, and other relevant properties of water components, and covers sampling, cleanup, extraction, and derivatization procedures.
Older techniques that are still frequently used are compared to recently developed techniques.
The participant is also directed to future trends. A similar strategy is followed for discussion of detection methods. In addition, some applications of analysis of water types (potable water, tap water, wastewater, seawater) are reviewed. Information is summarized in graphs, tables, examples, and references.
Because water is an excellent solvent, it dissolves many substances. To get correct results and values, analysts have to follow sample strategies. Sampling has become a quality-determining step.
Water is a living element, housing many organisms—wanted or unwanted, harmful or harmless. Some of these organisms produce toxic substances, this course discuss bacteriological and algal analysis.
This course describes all water treatment technique, Pretreatment, Coagulation, Flocculation, Ion exchange, Reverse osmosis, Multistage flash distillation technique.